Repair : Amiga A520 : Video Modulator

I had bought a couple of non-working A520 modulators for a new project, however with the advent of COVID-19 and general lack of time due to life I decided I'd just fix them and make use of them.

Of the two modulators I had no picture at all and the other looked like this.  However both have the same problem, the MC1377P - Colour Television RGB to Pal/NTSC Encoder.

Opening the case

 The A520 is a friction fit case, there are no screws to remove or catches to unclasp.  The easiest way to pull the two halves apart is to use a plastic spudger to slowly lever the two halves evenly apart.  It is important not to twist the case or lift it unevenly!

You can see here the four legs that hold the two halves together.  The small rods insert into the larger hollow rods and hold very tightly.

The next thing to do is the remove the only two screws in the unit that hold the PCB to the bottom half.

Replacing the MC1377P

Replacing the chip is a fairly easy affair as the PCB is single sided.  Using a desoldering tool is a breeze and the part just falls out.

 

As with all DIP replacements it is good practice where you have vertical clearance to solder in a socket.

Lastly lets give it a test.  That is so much better.

 

Toubleshooting and Fixing a Hills NVC-DF1 camera ( Hikvision DS-2CD2132 )

My friend "Ned" had a broken security camera and asked me to take a look at it.  He had already taken apart the camera and had performed some troubleshooting on it.

• The camera would power up over the DC 12 input but would not power up over PoE
• The camera had two PCBs one for the Camera and one for power, when powering up the camera with a new power board it worked.
• When he plugged the camera into PoE, it shorted out.
  

 At this point he came over and we pulled it apart to get a really good look at it.  Unfortunately I don't have any switches that provide PoE so "Ned" cut up an Ethernet cable so I could connect it up to my power supply which didn't put out enough volts even still but was good enough at 32V to test things ( PoE is around 40V ).

It was possible to power the power board separate from the Camera so we took it out. The next thing was to trace out where every thing was.

On the top of the board was the PoE chip and the Plug that had the Ethernet and the 12V DC jack.  Probing around with the continuity tester it was easy to see that the 12V and 44V inputs went to the back of the board.

As the 12V circuit was working fine it was ignored. The 40V circuit was another matter.  The voltage came into the bottom rectifier chip and then to a diode.  Checking continuity the + and - on the continuity chips were shorted out and across the diode.

I checked all of the other components for shorts and they seemed fine or within tolerances.  Except for the Capacitor on the 12V side, which I replaced immediately, without effect.

The Diode itself was marked as a 5PGG (5.0SMDJ58A Littlefuse) which is an ESD Suppressor/TVS Diode.  The diode should definitely not have had continuity both ways so it was the likely candidate.

So I took the part out and the short disappeared.

  It took a fair bit of heat to remove the part with my reflow station. So I added a bit of low melt solder to the pads to make putting the new part back on.  "Ned" in the meantime purchased a replacement part and when it arrived I put it back in and hey presto . . . still no short.

"Ned" took it home to test it and it worked first go.

 

Building the MEGA65 core for NEXYS4-DDR ( A7 )

The question here is, why build your own core?  Well there really isn't any reason for the average user to do this.  However if you're interested in dabbling with the code and trying to see how it works, building your own core is really the only way to learn.

If you don't want to build your own core, just get the official core from here:

https://files.mega65.org/html/main.php

So without further-a-do here it is, I hope you find it interesting even if it's not useful to you.

Development Board : NEXYS4-DDR

 

The NEXYS4-DDR development board uses the XC7A100T-1CSG324C fpga

 

It should be noted that this board has been replaced by the NEXYS A7.  

The website suggests this board is nearly identical. 

There are TWO versions of the A7 a 100T and a cheaper 50T.

You will need to more expensive100T version. 

Virtual Machine : VMware Workstation

 

For this exercise I will building my Dev box using VMware Workstation, simply because I have a workstation license and I build all of my Dev machines in individual VM's to stop software bloat. Feel free to use a virtual ( or bare metal ) platform of your choice.

 

Host VM OS : Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS

 

Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS is supported by Vivado so install this. I installed an older LTS version then upgraded, save yourself the hassle and just go straight to this version.

Vivado Software : Vivado ML Standard 2021.2

Free Standard version of Vivado ML.  Vivado ML Standard supports the XC7A100T.

You will need to make a free account on the website first. 

Let's do it!

Create a VM

 

The screenshots are pretty self explanatory.  Please use Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS!

 

Vivado is BIG, so be sure to allocate enough disk space to install it.

Compiling cores is a very intensive process.  Allocate as much CPU and Memory as you can.

Installing Vivado ML

 

Before you start you need to create yourself a free account and then sign in.

Once complete you can go to this URL : 

    https://www.xilinx.com/products/design-tools/vivado/vivado-ml.html

The Free Standard edition is all that you need.

Grab the Linux Web Installer ( the full install is huge and you just don't need it ).

Once you have downloaded it, run the following commands to start the installer.

This is the same account you made right at the start to download the installer.

Just choose Vivado.

Standard Edition is what you need.

Remove all of the items you will not need to keep the install small.

The Mega65 Makefile expects the install to be in "/opt/Xilinx"

Installing other required software

 

Become the root user

Install the following software using apt:

• apt install git
• apt install libpng-dev 

 

You may also need to install "make" and "gcc" via apt, I did not need to for some reason (I may have installed them and forgotten)

• apt install make
• apt install gcc

 

Download, compile and install "exomizer"

 

This is a separate piece of software that you will need to manually download, compile and install

 

Finally time to get and compile the MEGA65 core

 

Clone the MEGA65 github repository 

 

 

You are now ready to build the core, start it, walk away and watch TV.

 

When complete the bin file will be here.

 

 

MiSTer FPGA : User Serial Connector to C64 IEC - part 2

This is part 2 of my journey, building my own custom board for C64 peripherals for MiSTer.

If you haven't read part 1, you can do so here Part 1

Today my boards from PCBWay arrived, so straight to the workbench to put it together.

The board I had made actually has two functions the IEC bus and a keyboard interface for a C128 keyboard that I use for my MiSTer.

The new board makes a pretty big difference, here are my previous prototypes that I had hanging off my MiSTer.

What I used to have

My original custom IEC bus for my custom C64 core

 

The new IEC Bus for the official core

 

A C128 Keyboard to USB interface

 

What I have now!

IEC on the Left - C128 Keyboard interface on the Right

Giving it a test run before unplugging my MiSTer

The MiSTer stack and my new board looking neat

From the back with the IO port

All plugged in and working

Make your own?

I know my requirements are pretty niche, but if you want one you can get one 

from PCBWay

 

You'll also need these parts:

 

• Logic Level Converter
• 6 Pin Din Connector 
• USB 3 Connector
• Arduino Micro 
• Switch ( to reset Micro )
• D-Sub Connector ( for c128 keyboard )  

 

Programming the Arduino

I found a great piece of Arduino code for C64 keyboard on the Internet.  

I've hacked it to suit my needs and to drive a C128 Keyboards extra keys.

 

You can get my hacked version of the code from Git Hub.

 

A special note: 

  Once you upload the code it is really hard to re-program the Micro with the keyboard code again.

  Simply upload the blink example code first ( that comes with the Arduino IDE ) THEN reload the 

  keyboard code.

 

 

PCB and Schematics 

 

I have released the board schematics and design here.

https://github.com/yellperil/MiSTer64

 

 

MiSTer FPGA : User Serial Connector to C64 IEC - part 1

I have been using my own custom hacked code and hardware on the MiSTer C64 core for a few years now, but finally it's in the official core.  This is awesome for two reasons, 1) I don't have to keep recompiling my cores and 2) it uses less pins and also has reset.

Initially I was confused about how the in/out pins worked and I also got lost in a mess of wires.  Eventually, I bit the bullet and rebuilt it from scratch and it worked.

You'll note that the uIEC is powered from my USB hub.  The DE10-nano doesn't have enough juice to run it.

I even put together a board for my IEC bus and my USB Arduino Interface for my C128 keyboard. They should sit together nicely under the MiSTer. I hope it works :-) . . . ( see Part 2 )

Here is a dump of all of my notes . . .

Caveat

Be very aware that this plug contains both 5v and 3.3v and that you are connecting a 3.3v system to a 5v system.

a) Wiring this up incorrectly may destroy your MiSTer!

b) You must also use a logic level converter

c) Verify everything I have written and linked to, I am not responsible for any mistakes below.

USB Cables

Please note that the pins of the USB 3 cable ends do differ on plug in some places (not all are straight through).

C64 Core Document

You should refer to the C64 core documentation : https://github.com/MiSTer-devel/C64_MiSTer#user_io-pins

USB 3 Type A Receptacle on the I/O board and DE10-nano pins

I have previously wired my own IEC bus directly from the DE10-nano. However, please note that the official MiSTer I/O board has 100 Ohm resistors between the pins and the USB Connector. The Newer I/O boards (5.6 and up) also have 10K Ohm weak pull ups.

However the IEC bus works fine without the pull ups ( I have a 5.5 board ).

Study the schematic for the pin out on the I/O Board : https://github.com/MiSTer-devel/Hardware_MiSTer/blob/master/releases/iobrd_5.5.pdf

or this one with the pull ups : https://github.com/MiSTer-devel/Hardware_MiSTer/blob/master/releases/iobrd_5.6.pdf

Verify the pin numbering of the USB 3 Type A Receptacle on the I/O board : https://au.mouser.com/datasheet/2/837/USB1075-1948891.pdf

Verify the pin translation of the USB 3 Type a Receptacle on the I/O board : https://pinout.net/pinout-scheme/507/USB%203.0%20SuperSpeed

Make the necessary adjustments / translations for your cable!!

The pins for the USB connector ON THE I/O board are :

1) 5 V

2) RS232 Tx

3) RS232 Rx

4) GND

5) ATN

6) DATA

7) RESET

8) CLK

9) 3.3v

Logic Level Conversion

I used this Logic Level converter : [url]https://www.sparkfun.com/products/12009[/url]

Please read the data sheet for usage.

L side is MiSter side

H side is IEC side

LV1 ATN => HV1 ATN

LV2 DATA = HV2 DATA

LV connect to 3.3v

GND connect to GND to GND ( I powered the Logic Level Converter entirely from the MiSTer so it has a common Ground, if you don't then you'll need to separate the grounds to each power source, Read The Manual ).

HV connect to 5v

LV3 RESET to HV3 RESET

LV4 CLK to HV4 CLK

IEC receptacle

I used this part for the IEC receptacle on my PCB design : SDS-60J : https://au.mouser.com/datasheet/2/670/sds_j-1778983.pdf

1) SRQ ( unused )

2) GND

3) ATN

4) CLK

5) DATA

6) RESET

 

Please see Part 2 for Schematics and Design!

https://8bitshardway.blogspot.com/2021/07/mister-fpga-user-serial-connector-to_2.html